January 2006 - Posts

Mac followup

The last article that I wrote about using the Mac has created a lot of emails and discussions in my inbox.  I received a lot of helpful hints too.

Here are a few things that I learned:

1) In the Keyboard control panel you can make Tab switch between all controls (this is on the  Keyboard shortcuts tab).  In Safari you can also change it so that Tab goes between all fields.  A few people besides myself did miss the Alt-underlined letter method of getting into the menus on Windows.

2) If you hold the mouse button down or right click over an item in the Dock you can see all open windows.  This is better, although I still prefer the Windows way of just showing me an icon in the taskbar per open window. 

3) No one seems to like iPhoto very much, at least based on responses to my entry.  A few people said that iPhoto 6 is better, but since this is a loaner machine I'm not going to purchase it to find out.

4) I can drag folders to the Dock if I want menus to get to less used Applications, making it more like the Windows Taskbar.

5) I played more with the fonts and got Terminal to look better, but it still isn't very good.  The font smoothing on Windows when you are using an LCD is much better (they use a technique called sub pixel rendering (marketted as ClearType) which makes a huge difference).  At least I can tell a comma and a period apart now.  Below is a comparison  If you have a LCD display then clean on each one to see what they look like at normal resolution (these are closeups).


Microsoft Windows Cleartype


OS X Anti-aliasing

Look at what the Mac is doing to the t there, it is very smudgy. The difference is big enough to give me eyestrain after using the Mac for a while.  If you want to see a related silly little OS X bug go into the terminal app and turn on both a blinking cursor and anti-aliasing.  You'll see the left most character on the row with the cursor moving back and forth by one pixel.

6) The Mac thing of keeping an application open even after closing all windows seems to confuse a lot of my other multiplatform friends too.  Windows and Unix running X11 don't behave this way.  I think they really could fix this just by making the Dock and Finder tell an Application to open a default window if it is being brought back to the foreground and has no open Windows.

Our adventures with the Mac are over because I finally remembered to bring home a new keyboard for the desktop machine.  I enjoyed playing with it, but I'm not sad that I'm done playing with it either (at least as our primary desktop machine).  I hope this information was useful to others.

So I've been using a Mac a lot...

Why I have a Mac

A friend gave me a long term loan on a Mac Mini in early December.  At about the same time our home PC had a few minor hardware issues, so I temporarily switched our home computer over to a Mac.  It is a "high end" Mac Mini with 1gb of RAM, 80gb of disk, and the faster processor option.  It has OS X 10.4 (Tiger) which I reinstalled to start with a blank computer.

I've always been very impressed by the quality of Apple hardware and have wondered about using one of their machines as our home machine.  This gave me the chance.

First Impressions and Good Stuff

OS X is really pretty.  They spent a lot of time on animations and transitions that make basic operations look really cool.  For instance fast user switching rotates my desktop away on a cube and shows my wife's desktop.  The "Expose" feature shrinks all windows on my desktop and shows them all to me so that I can pick one with cool animations while it does it.  The icons are nicely drawn and have richer colors than most Windows icons.

The Mac Mini hardware is great.  I've only heard the fan turn on once and otherwise it is silent.  It is small and looks nice.  The box feels plenty fast for day to day operations and is exactly what a modern office PC should be like.  In comparison my Windows PC (a 4 year old Shuttle XPC) is small by PC standards, but huge compared to the Mac Mini.  The Shuttle XPC line is sold as being quiet but I had to make some hardware modifications to make it silent.  The Mac Mini was basically silent out of the box.

Keyboard Control

You can't use the silly thing only with a keyboard.  I have RSI injuries in my shoulder which make using a mouse continuously uncomfortable.  I've never been a large mouse user and find the keyboard is usually both faster and more comfortable for most operations.

In all browsers on the PC I can use the Tab key to move between all links in a webpage.  On the Mac the Tab key (at least in Safari and Firefox) only jumps between inputs, but I can't Tab to a link.  The same is true in application dialogs.

On Windows there are generic keyboard accelerators which work in every application.  I can press Alt to see an underlined letter for each menu telling me how to quickly open that menu.  On the Mac there are accelerators for common functions (like save), but not for all functions.  There is a magic key which gets me into the menu bar, but not fast accelerators.  For instance on the PC I could select "Work Offline" in FireFox by pressing Alt-F, W.  Once I pressed Alt the underlined letter in each menu item would tell me what the accelerator key was.  On the Mac I press Control-F2 (the magic key sequence to get into the menus), F, <enter>, W <enter>.  Four keystrokes vs. two.  If there are multiple things that start with F then I need to keep pressing F to get to the right one.

I can't figure out how to start an application without using the mouse.  On a Windows machine I can press the Windows key (or control-esc) to bring up the Start menu and select my application.  If I know the name of my application I can just press Windows-R to bring up the "Run..." dialog and just type it's name.   

I regularly use Windows without plugging in a mouse.  This is not the normal way to do things, but the system is designed to allow it to be done.  It would be nice to see Apple engineers working on a similar level of keyboard accessibility.

Dock

The Dock is sort of like the Windows Taskbar.  It is a combo of the open windows section of the taskbar and the quickstart section in one.  You see all of your normal apps in the Dock and running ones get a little triangle beneath them.  Click an icon to open it, or click one with a triangle to see the open windows.

Like most OS X stuff is also pretty.  Roll your mouse over the Dock and the icons under the mouse pointer get huge and show their title.  While the Dock is really pretty I find it to be less useful to me than the Taskbar in Windows.  I have three major complaints about the Dock.

The Dock doesn't allow me to see all of the windows which are open for a single application.  If I want to find a browser window that I was using I need to click the Safari icon, then go to the Windows menu (clear on the other end of the display with the default Dock location) and then find my window in there.  On a Windows machine I'd see an entry in the taskbar for each open window.

The Dock doesn't have menus, so I can't shuffle my lesser used applications off to a menu.  I can click the Finder icon on the Dock, then browse the Applications Folder to find my application, but this is much less efficient.  This results in making a cluttered Dock that has pointers to almost every installed application.

Applications don't quit when I close their last window (this makes some sense for performance).  This gives two very distinct user experiences for clicking an icon in the dock.  If the application is not running (no black triangle) then it comes up with a new window.  The application is running but has no open windows then clicking the icon in the Dock only changes the menu bar, but does nothing else.  This one really confused my wife (you close the browser, then two days later click on the icon and it doesn't open.  What went wrong?).

iPhoto

We were throwing a party on the first day that I hooked up the Mac.  I thought it would be cool to have it flipping through our photo collection, so I browsed over to our file server and imported all of our photos into iPhoto.  After a few hours I returned and was surprised to see that they were only organized by date.

Our photos are stored on the server organized in directories.  For instance my bicycle pictures live under a folder called photos\bicycles, hiking stuff is under photos\hiking, and you can find the pictures that I took yesterday of my basement under photos\house\basement-01-06.  I expected that iPhoto would at least show me this universal structure to let me select which photos to show in a slideshow.  It did not, everything just ended up in a large flat library.

I've also tried to use iPhoto with images coming off of my camera.  The same thing happens, they end up stored in some magic place on the Mac (not what I want, I need them on the server) and I don't get to have any control over the directory structure.  By default they just go into my library.  So I've taken to using the Finder to copy images to the right place on my server, then telling iPhoto to rescan the server for the new images.

After importing photos from the camera into iPhoto I don't know how to delete them.  In the "Preview" view (one photo on the screen) I can't drag them to the trash and there is no delete icon.  If I have the photo in an album then I can right click and see "Delete from Album" but this doesn't delete it from the library.

If I'm in the thumbnail view I can drag the thumbnail to the trash and it makes a nice animation, but the thumbnail doesn't actually disappear.  I've been deleting the images with the command line, not a very efficient way of doing it.

Finally iPhoto makes you export the photos to save your changes (such as rotating the image).  One of the export options is to name the files after the title saved with the image.  I can't figure out how to change the title.  In the view menu I can see "View Titles", but I can't select it because it is grayed out.  I've read the documentation and it tells me that I should use View Titles, but doesn't tell me under what conditions it is grayed out and how to make it work again.

Picasa on Windows is very similar to iPhoto at first glance, but covers all of these user issues much better for me.  Even just using the Explorer on Windows provides a better experience where I can easily rotate my images, delete the ones that I don't like, control where I keep them, and rename their files.

I expect that iPhoto is better if I don't involve a server and don't try to import a large library of images.  I can't reasonably test it that way because I do have a huge catalog of images and do want to save my new images into the same location as current ones. 

Terminal

I spend much of my time on any computer in a ssh client connected back to my FreeBSD server at home.  On there I run a text-based email client (Pine), use an irc client to keep in touch with friends, and have command line windows that I use for other purposes.  The Mac is built on BSD so it was nice that it included a ssh client and has a pretty decent Terminal application.

I only have two minor nits with the Terminal app.  The first is that the page up and page down keys move the scrollbar instead of sending the page up and page down commands to the application running inside the Terminal window.  This is really annoying when running an email client inside that window.

The other is that I can't find a font that I like.  On Windows I can turn on Cleartype and get very smooth fonts yet small which are easy for me to read for a long period of time.  OS X doesn't have cleartype, but it does offer some anti-aliasing.  The problem is that it isn't not as smooth and often smudges the characters so I can't see them very clearly.  For instance I can't tell the difference between a period and a comma in the Terminal window.

Conclusions

I really like the hardware.  I think the OS has some nice features, but the lack of good keyboard control makes it uncomfortable for me to use and slows me down quite a bit.  I find the OS to be very pretty (and pretty is good) but much less efficient for me to use than my Windows machine.

I wouldn't be surprised if we own an Apple made computer someday, but I think I'll run Windows on it.

I am disappointed.  I really wanted to like OS X.  I've been using BSD (the underlying system that OS X is built on) for 15 years on a daily basis and feel very comfortable in it.  The idea of a BSD system with a nice UI that my wife is comfortable in was really appealing.  In the end I didn't find that and Christine is asking when she can have her old PC back.

Disclaimer

It isn't a big secret that I work at Microsoft.  However I try not to let this get in the way of what I purchase for personal use.  The last portable audio player that I bought was an iPod, not something which used Microsoft technology.  Two of the key computers in our house are running FreeBSD.  I keep my music stored in MP3 and FLAC files, not WMA.  All of these decisions were made because I want to use the best option available, not the option which helps my employer or stock price.

I don't work on the Windows OS or work on anything related to user interface (I build email server software). 

Compact cranks

The current fad in road bicycles is to move to 110mm BCD "compact doubles".  Compared to a 130 or 135mm BCD this lets you run slightly smaller chainrings.  A typical 130mm BCD double has 53/39 chainrings, where a typical compact double has 50/34 chainrings.  I've talked about this many times on the BOB and RBW lists, but a conversation yesterday with Jan Heine reminded me of it and I thought it would make a good blog entry.

I've been experimenting with compact doubles on and off for 5 or 6 years.  I started with a 110mm double (this was a fairly common crank in the 80s).  My first bike setup like this had 50/34 chainrings with a 12-25 7sp cassette.  Just looking at those numbers this sounds like a pretty reasonable setup: a high gear of 112" and a low gear of 36".  Indeed the range worked well for me.

The problem with this setup is that my normal gears lived in the crossover range of the drivetrain.  This meant that I was always shifting between the chainrings.  Even worse when shifting chainrings I also had to shift many cogs on the rear due to the large difference in chainring sizes.  This becomes more obvious when you chart out the full gearing:

50 34
12 112.5 76.5
13 103.8 70.6
15 90 61.2
17 79.4 54.0
19 71.1 48.3
22 61.4 41.7
25 54 36.7

From riding singlespeed I know that my normal cruising gears are in the 60-70 gear range.  70" is the right gearing to go about 18mph at about 85rpm, a comfortable cadence.  When you look at this gearing chart you can see that this gear is near the end of the cassette.  So if I'm out the outer chainring and come to even a moderate hill I'm quickly dropping down into the 34t chainring.  Likewise if I'm on the small ring and crest the hill I instantly need to shift into the outer chainring.  Worse was that I ran this combination on a short chainstay bike (a Miyata 912 with 39.5cm chainstays) so using the 34t ring with the 2 smallest cogs or the 50t ring with the two largest cogs was noisy and inefficient.  After about two weeks with this setup I changed the bike back to a triple. 

This gearing is suited for someone, but it is someone who normally rides an 80" to 90" gear, not a cyclist who normally rides a 60-70" gear.  Even a 53/39 double would be better here because at least I could do most of the riding on the 39, just changing chainrings for long flat sections or downhills.

A Ritchey 94/58 crank setup with 46/31 chainrings

A couple of years ago I started experimenting with compact doubles again.  This time I chose cranks with an even smaller BCD: 94mm and 86mm.  94mm BCD was commonly used on mountain bikes in a 94/58mm BCD triple.  The smallest ring for 94mm BCD is 29t, but those are hard to find.  30t and 31t are a little easier, and 32t is very common.  You can get large rings up to about 48t pretty easily.  86mm BCD was used on touring triples in the 70s and 80s where all three rings were mounted to the same BCD with extra long bolts.  These cranks were made by SR and Stronglight.  A typical setup would be 48/38/28 or 50/45/28.  28t is the smallest ring made.

Another change was putting on wider range cassettes.  All of my bikes now have 8sp or 9sp cassettes.  That one extra gear makes a noticable increase in cassette range.  Here is what a 94mm double with 46/31 chainrings and a 12-28 8sp cassette looks like:

46 31
12 103.5 69.8
13 95.5 64.4
14 88.7 59.8
16 77.6 52.3
18 69.0 46.5
21 59.1 39.9
24 51.8 34.9
28 44

29.9

Look at what has changed.  My cruising gear is now in the center of the cassette with the 46t chainring.  The gear range on the 46t chainring extends down to 44t, low enough to let me climb most hills.  The smaller large chainring also let me get a smaller small chainring with good shifting and that now goes low enough for almost any hill when unloaded.  I did give up a little on the high end, but I almost never use gears over 100" so this is not a problem.

This setup works great.  I can do 95% of my ride in the 46t chainring, only shifting the rear cassette.  I shift the front only for long hills.  On my normal 10 mile commute this means that I'm only in the small ring once, where I'd drop into it 8 or 9 times with the 50/34 setup.

The hard part about getting real compact doubles is finding the cranks.  If you want to experiment with this your best bet is finding a 86mm triple crank.  The Trek touring and triple bikes sold in the early to mid 80s often came with the 50/45/28 cranks.  These are reasonably easy to find on the used market and are nice production bikes which ride well.  You may be able to find the entire bike used at a garage sale or swap meet for the price of a new crank.  To make a compact double just remove the 50t large ring and replace the chainring bolts with double bolts instead of triple.  You'll also be able to put in a shorter bottom bracket (I think 107mm or 110mm is what I used) and you'll end up with a lower Q-factor.  Try this out with the 13-28 6sp freewheel that the bike probably came with and I think you'll be a convert.

If you are lucky enough to have a Ritchey Logic Compact Triple then these cranks also make great compact doubles.  They are extremely well made, the silver ones have a nice finish, and the cranks have no built in spacers for the granny ring, so they easily convert to running as a double.  The hard part is setting up the bottom bracket.  As a triple these cranks want a 107 or 110mm bottom bracket.  When you remove the inner chainring you need to get even shorter.  The shortest commonly made bottom bracket is 103mm and these are not easily found anymore (Shimano sold one for the 8sp Dura/Ace cranks).  This is still not quite short enough.

I removed the fixed right shoulder from a Dura/Ace 103mm bottom bracket so that I can slide the bottom bracket about 3mm to the left.  This gives me a much better chainline when running as a double.  These bottom brackets use a removable right "cup" so I can move my modified cup to another bottom bracket unit when this one fails (I have a few spares).  If you like this setup then the best alternative is to buy a Phil Wood BB.  They'll make whatever length you can dream of and list a 102mm that should work well in this application since Phil Wood BBs already have an adjustable chainline.

The TA Carmina is also available in a 94mm BCD double.  This is a nice crank, but looks very modern and costs over $300.

Leave the 110mm doubles to the racers who actually cruise all day in 85" gears.  Most recreational cyclists will find a 48/38/26 triple to be better than a 52/42/30 triple and likewise they'll probably find something like a 46/30 double to be better than a 50/34 double.  Try it and I think you'll like it.  If enough people try it and like it maybe we can get a special run of 94mm BCD double cranks from Kogswell or Rivendell.

alex

Too much beer (on hand)...

These days I seem to like brewing beer more than drinking beer.  Right now in the basement I have the following on tap:

  • A pale ale (fairly hoppy, actually a blend of three other beers that I made)
  • A really fine Porter
  • A nice Weizen
  • Two kegs of Barleywine (what was I thinking, this is strong stuff and probably will last me two-three years)
  • A keg of Oat Wine (this is a Barleywine that is primarily made with Oats)
  • Some Ginger Mead
  • A way too sweet ale (sort of a clone of Mac and Jacks' African Amber but it was the first beer on our new system and efficiency was way higher than expected so it is too sweet.  Oh, plus, we had less hops than we thought we did).

That is 8 corny kegs.  I only own 8 corny kegs (and one or two of these probably really belong to my friend Peter)..  Too much shouldn't be a problem, but I need some empty kegs so I can try making something new (perhaps an Oatmeal Stout with the rest of the malted oats). 

Yeah, there are much more reasonable things to complain about like the fact that Bush has 3 years and 1 day left in office, but this is more fun to think about.

I hope everyone is having a great Jan.  I've been busy at work and haven't done too much interesting at home so the blog has been taking a break.  It should wake up in a month or two once we start on the kitchen remodel and I do some work on one of my woodworking projects and one or two bike projects.

alex

P.S.  Here is some math because I am bored.  A corny keg is 5 gallons or 640oz.  The beer glasses that I use these days are only about 7oz (half a bottle's worth) or about 90 glasses.  If I have ten glasses a week that means a full keg should last about nine weeks.  Not all of my kegs are full, but at this rate I might have 8-12 months worth of beer on hand.  Overboard?  I probably just need to have another party or two.

At the last party the ginger mead was a big hit and it is almost gone, so I need to make more of that too.  Easy and good.

Sewing Project #2: A Small Saddlebag

A few days after Christmas I bought a sewing machine and started teaching myself how to sew.  This was my second project, a small saddlebag.  It is made from Cordura and I scaled down the design from http://www.geocities.com/lazyf62/saddlebag/sdlbag.html.

Saddlebag side profile

I'm pretty happy with how it turned out.  It is the right size for a day ride without my panniers, but small enough that I can use it and panniers at the same time.  The volume is somewhere around 300-350 cubic inches.  There are no pockets (I originally made a side pocket, but it was really only large enough to hold my keys so I removed it). 

I didn't get a chance to make the straps for going through the saddlebag loops, so for now it is ziptied to a Carradice Bagman QR to hold the bag to my bike.  That should be fixed shortly.  This will also pull the top closer to the saddle and make the bottom flat as it should be.

I copied the drawstring closure from the current Carradice bags as shown below.  I used some lightweight cloth called "supplex" for that. 

Saddlebag side profile

I learned a lot from this project (as you'd expect from the first time doing anything):

  • Cordura is tough stuff to sew through.  At the upper corners I was going through four layers of cordura and two layers of nylon webbing.  The stiffness of cordura also made it hard to line everything up to do all of the seams.  If I were making this bag again I'd use a lighter pack cloth and just add the heavier weight stuff where I need it.
  • Matching your thread to your cloth makes it easy to hide sewing mistakes.
  • Seam rippers are very helpful for undoing mistakes.
  • I need to move the upper buckles to the top of the lid.  They don't provide enough compression when the bag is empty or nearly empty.
  • I cut the lid too short, it should be at least an inch longer.  I might sew on an extension.
  • The "Baggins Little Joe" has it's flat interior pocket design for a reason.  On a small bag like this that maximizes capacity without being too complicated.  I'll probably copy those pockets if I make another one.
  • I didn't make the holes for the supporting straps large enough for leather straps to fit.  My holes are slots about 3/4" by 3/16".  The Rivendell Baggins bags use a round 3/4" hole and that is probably a more appropriate size.

Anyway, it was a fun and I think successful project.  I look forward to making another one in (perhaps a little larger) in the future.  For anyone else thinking about sewing bags this is a good first project because there is a fair amount going on (but not so much to overwhelm you) and it uses a very small amount of cloth.  I bought all of the the cloth from the remnants section of Seattle Fabrics for under $10 and have enough left over to make another bag that is about 50% larger.

alex

I'm still alive

I've had the last two weeks off.  It has been very relaxing and I ended up doing very different stuff with my time than expected.

Accomplished:

  • I built most of the radiator cover for our guest bedroom.  This one is more or less a prototype since I'm using pine and I don't know if that will hold up to the heat or warp and twist.  I'll have to put up some photos soon.  I got some hints from this other radiator cover, including how to do mission/arts and crafts style vertical slats.  The front and top are done, I just need to make some sides.
  • I got a sewing machine and taught myself how to do basic sewing.  The big projects coming up are making an underquilt for my Hennessey Hammock and a seat cushion for the living room bench seat.  So far I've made a little case for my digital camera and I've done about 2/3rds of the work on a Carradice-style saddlebag for my bikes.  I have no interest in making clothing but I think that making more custom bags will be handy and cool.  I was going to include some photos of my projects so far, but my camera battery just died so I'll do it later.
  • I went snowboarding on New Years Eve with my friend Kathy.  We didn't really have snow last year, so this was my first trip in a very long time.  The snow was pretty good and I got a good number of runs in.  My knee didn't bother me at all!
  • Today (New Years) I went for a fun bike ride with a lot of cool people on interesting bikes.
  • Lots of hanging out with Christine and other friends.
  • Lots of catching up on sleep.  Normally I don't sleep more than 8 hours a night, but on this vacation that has grown to around 10.  It is going to take a while to get used to my old sleep schedule and waking up at 6am.

I had high hopes for more projects around the house but did very few of them (on the other hand I didn't think I'd be teaching myself to sew over the holiday).  Hopefully sometime this winter I'll get around to putting new lights in our living room (ripping out the last track lighting in the house), building the new storage rack in our basement, and perhaps putting in a basement sink.

I hope everyone else was able to take some good vacation time and spend some time with family.

alex

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